Could high DNA stainability (HDS) be a valuable indicator of sperm nuclear integrity?

Table 2 Correlation analyses between sperm DNA integrity tests and conventional semen evaluation parameters

Correlations N = 375	Sperm DNA fragmentation (TUNEL)	DNA fragmentation index (DFI)	High DNA Stainability (HDS)	Protamine deficiency (CMA3)
Semen volume [ml]	0.09	0.11^b	−0.07	−0.09
Sperm concentration [10⁶/ml]	0.01	−0.04	−0.09	− 0.22^a
Sperm abnormality morphology [%]	0.02	0.05	0.16^a	0.27^a
Sperm abnormal head [%]	0.03	0.06	0.17^a	0.25^a
Total motility [%]	−0.11^b	−0.17^a	−0.12^b	− 0.11^b

TUNEL Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, CMA3 Chromomycin A3
^a Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)
^b Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed)

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