Table 2 Methodological characteristics of the studies analyzed

Olsen et al. (2014) [24] 

RCT

105

ESWT

Placebo ESWT + applicator

5 (1 session/week)

3000

---

5

0.15

I

Yee et al. (2014) [33] 

RCT

58

ESWT

Placebo ESWT

12 (2 sessions/week)

1500

18

2

0.09

I

Kitrey et al. (2016) [32] 

RCT

55

ESWT + PDEI-5

Placebo ESWT

12 (2 sessions/week)

1500

---

2

0.09

I

Fojecki et al. (2017) [26] 

RCT

118

ESWT

Placebo ESWT

10 (1 session/week)

600

10

5

0.09

I

Qi et al. (2017) [35] 

QES

60

Group 1: ESWT

Group 2: Vacuum erection device

---

8 (2 sessions/week)

1500

---

2

---

IV

Sramkova et al. (2017) [27] 

RCT

60

ESWT

Placebo ESWT + gel

4 (2 sessions/week)

6000

15

---

0.16

I

Kalyvianakis et al. (2018) [34] 

QES

Phase 1: 42

Phase 2: 36

ESWT

---

Phase 1: 6/12 (1-2 sessions/week)

Phase 2: 6 (2-1 sessions/week)

5000

---

8

0.05

IV

Zewin et al. (2018) [37] 

RCT

128

ESWT

PDEI-5

12 (2 sessions/week)

1500

---

2

0.09

I

Baccaglini et al. (2019) [36] 

RCT

77

ESWT + PDEI-5

PDEI-5

8 (1 session/week)

2400

40

5

0.09

I

Vinay (2019) [28] 

RCT

76

ESWT

ESWT + bandage

4 (1 session/week)

5000

---

---

0.09

I

Kim et al. (2020) [31] 

RCT

81

ESWT

Placebo ESWT

12 (2 sessions/week)

3000

---

5

12-20

I

Geyik (2021) [23] 

RCT

184

ESWT

ESWT + PRP

5 (1 session/week)

1800

70

---

0.09

I

Ortac et al. (2021) [29] 

RCT

66

ESWT

Placebo

4 (1 session/week)

3000

30

5

0.20

I

Shendy et al. (2021) [25] 

RCT

42

ESWT + PFMT

Placebo ESWT + PFMT

12 (2 sessions/week)

3000

---

---

0.09

I

Motil et al. (2022) [30] 

RCT

32

ESWT

Placebo

4 (1 session/week)

4000

10

8

0.16

I